(English_(UK)_MFA_dictionary_v3_0_0)= # English (UK) MFA dictionary v3.0.0 ``````{dictionary} English (UK) MFA dictionary v3.0.0 :id: "English (UK) MFA dictionary v3_0_0" :tags: English;MFA;IPA :language: "English" :dialect: UK :layout: mfa :template: dictionary_template :phoneset: "MFA" :license: "CC BY 4.0" ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/english/uk_mfa/v3.0.0/README.md :start-after: "## Dictionary details" :end-before: "## Installation" ``` ```{admonition} G2P models * {ref}`english_(uk)_mfa_g2p_model_v3_0_0` ``` `````` ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/english/uk_mfa/v3.0.0/README.md :start-after: "new)." ``` ## IPA Charts ### Consonants Obstruent symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unvoiced and those to the right are voiced. ``````{list-table} :header-rows: 1 :stub-columns: 1 :class: consonant_chart table-striped table-bordered * - Manner - Labial - Labiodental - Dental - Alveolar - Alveopalatal - Palatal - Velar - Glottal * - {manner}`Nasal` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * m * Occurrences: 15538 * Examples * maha: [m ɑː h ɑː] * lima: [ʎ iː m ə] * moshe: [m ɒ ʃ] * mod: [m ɒ d] * mʲ * Occurrences: 3386 * Examples * memes: [mʲ iː m z] * rummy: [ɹ ɐ mʲ i] * naomi: [n aj əw mʲ i] * meal: [mʲ iː ɫ] * m̩ * Occurrences: 6 * Examples * them: [m̩] * from: [f ɹ m̩] * him: [m̩] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɱ * Occurrences: 4 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * n * Occurrences: 31584 * Examples * ones: [w ɐ n z] * again: [ə ɡ ej n] * minot: [mʲ ɪ n ɒ t] * nerd: [n ɜː d] * n̩ * Occurrences: 84 * Examples * can: [k n̩] * iron: [aj n̩] * and: [n̩] * even: [iː v n̩] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɲ * Occurrences: 5949 * Examples * anise: [ə ɲ iː z] * nimoy: [ɲ iː m ɔj] * sinai: [s aj ɲ ej] * nabu: [ɲ ej b ʉː] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ŋ * Occurrences: 5984 * Examples * hanks: [h a ŋ k s] * trunk: [tʃ ɹ ɐ ŋ k] * uncut: [ɐ ŋ kʰ ɐ t] * pong: [pʰ ɒ ŋ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Stop` {submanner}`Plain` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * p * Occurrences: 8953 * Examples * pepin: [pʰ ə p ɪ n] * whoop: [w ʉː p] * loops: [l ʉː p s] * opera: [ɒ p ə ɹ ə] * pʲ * Occurrences: 615 * Examples * pumas: [pʲ ʉː m ə z] * pews: [pʲ ʉː z] * spee: [s pʲ iː] * opie: [əw pʲ i] * pʷ * Occurrences: 13 * Examples * puy: [pʷ iː] * voiced * b * Occurrences: 10178 * Examples * brigg: [b ɹ ɪ ɡ] * bravo: [b ɹ ɑː v əw] * bangs: [b a ŋ z] * amble: [a m b ə ɫ] * bʲ * Occurrences: 2110 * Examples * below: [bʲ ɪ l əw] * colby: [kʰ əw ɫ bʲ i] * bebop: [bʲ iː b ɒ p] * sabin: [s ej bʲ ɪ n] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * t̪ * Occurrences: 98 * Examples * oath: [əw t̪] * path: [pʰ a t̪] * month: [m ɐ n t̪] * smith: [s mʲ ɪ t̪] * voiced * d̪ * Occurrences: 64 * Examples * then: [d̪ ɛ n] * with: [w ɪ d̪] * they: [d̪ ej] * other: [ɐ d̪ ə] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * t * Occurrences: 20056 * Examples * least: [ʎ iː s t] * mitra: [mʲ iː t ɹ ə] * chaat: [tʃ ɑː t] * orton: [ɒː t ə n] * tʲ * Occurrences: 9271 * Examples * forte: [f ɒː tʲ i] * basti: [b a s tʲ i] * tilde: [tʲ ɪ ɫ d ə] * atria: [ej tʲ ɹ i ə] * tʷ * Occurrences: 113 * Examples * tweed: [tʷ iː d] * twins: [tʷ ɪ n z] * twill: [tʷ ɪ ɫ] * twin: [tʷ ɪ n] * voiced * d * Occurrences: 15488 * Examples * piled: [pʰ aj ɫ d] * yodel: [j əw d ə ɫ] * diary: [d aj ə ɹ i] * would: [w ʊ d] * dʲ * Occurrences: 6059 * Examples * dix: [dʲ ɪ k s] * deeds: [dʲ iː d z] * cindy: [s ɪ n dʲ i] * duly: [dʲ ʉː ʎ i] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * c * Occurrences: 3762 * Examples * skies: [s c iː z] * kukri: [kʰ ʊ c ɹ i] * skew: [s c ʉː] * clang: [c ʎ a ŋ] * cʷ * Occurrences: 368 * Examples * cuomo: [cʷ əw m əw] * quill: [cʷ ɪ ɫ] * quin: [cʷ ɪ n] * squid: [s cʷ ɪ d] * voiced * ɟ * Occurrences: 1658 * Examples * glen: [ɟ ʎ ɪ n] * gets: [ɟ ɪ t s] * grim: [ɟ ɹ ɪ m] * bogie: [b əw ɟ i] * ɟʷ * Occurrences: 78 * Examples * guido: [ɟʷ iː d əw] * gwynn: [ɟʷ ɪ n] * gwyn: [ɟʷ ɪ n] * gwen: [ɟʷ ɛ n] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * k * Occurrences: 13366 * Examples * clara: [k l ɑː ɹ ə] * dick: [dʲ ɪ k] * mucus: [mʲ ʉː k ə s] * broke: [b ɹ əw k] * kʷ * Occurrences: 579 * Examples * quern: [kʷ ɜː n] * squab: [s kʷ ɒ b] * quirk: [kʷ ɜː k] * quite: [kʷ aj] * voiced * ɡ * Occurrences: 5680 * Examples * grew: [ɡ ɹ ʉː] * tagma: [tʰ a ɡ m ə] * gupta: [ɡ ɐ p t ə] * globe: [ɡ l əw b] * ɡʷ * Occurrences: 66 * Examples * guava: [ɡʷ ɑː v ə] * agua: [ɑ ɡʷ ə] * guang: [ɡʷ ɑː ŋ] * guam: [ɡʷ ɒ m] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ʔ * Occurrences: 37 * Examples * split: [s p ʎ ɪ ʔ] * coat: [kʰ əw ʔ] * set: [s ɛ ʔ] * visit: [v ɪ z ɪ ʔ] ``` * - {submanner}`Aspirated` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * pʰ * Occurrences: 5705 * Examples * napo: [ɲ ej pʰ əw] * pooh: [pʰ ʉː] * peal: [pʰ iː ɫ] * poor: [pʰ ʊ ə] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * tʰ * Occurrences: 5090 * Examples * taito: [tʰ aj tʰ əw] * tully: [tʰ ɐ ʎ i] * tact: [tʰ a k t] * touch: [tʰ ɐ tʃ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * cʰ * Occurrences: 1783 * Examples * char: [cʰ ɛː] * capon: [cʰ ej p ə n] * kenya: [cʰ ɛ ɲ ə] * kaine: [cʰ ej n] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * kʰ * Occurrences: 6912 * Examples * kook: [kʰ ʉː k] * kasha: [kʰ ɑ ʃ ə] * decal: [dʲ iː kʰ a ɫ] * combe: [kʰ ʉː m] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Affricate` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * tʃ * Occurrences: 3018 * Examples * trees: [tʃ ɹ iː z] * tree: [tʃ iː] * inch: [ɪ n tʃ] * chary: [tʃ ɛː ɹ i] * voiced * dʒ * Occurrences: 4826 * Examples * joel: [dʒ əw ə ɫ] * mangy: [m ej n dʒ i] * jared: [dʒ a ɹ ə d] * june: [dʒ ʉː n] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Sibilant` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * s * Occurrences: 32866 * Examples * vegas: [v ej ɡ ə s] * cebu: [s ɛ b ʉː] * cox: [kʰ ɒ k s] * texas: [tʰ ɛ k s ə s] * voiced * z * Occurrences: 13413 * Examples * exult: [ɪ ɡ z ɐ ɫ t] * ozona: [əw z əw n ə] * caves: [cʰ ej v z] * rose: [ɹ əw z] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ʃ * Occurrences: 6435 * Examples * asia: [ej ʃ ə] * clash: [c ʎ a ʃ] * ratio: [ɹ ej ʃ əw] * shone: [ʃ əw n] * voiced * ʒ * Occurrences: 499 * Examples * jus: [ʒ ʉː s] * azusa: [a ʒ ʉː z ə] * usury: [j ʉː ʒ ə ɹ i] * beige: [b ej ʒ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Fricative` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * f * Occurrences: 7304 * Examples * lefty: [l ɛ f tʲ i] * fico: [f aj kʰ əw] * fatty: [f a tʲ i] * for: [f ɒː] * fʲ * Occurrences: 2181 * Examples * fifth: [fʲ ɪ f θ] * feces: [fʲ iː s iː z] * rafi: [ɹ ɑː fʲ i] * sofia: [s ɒ fʲ iː ə] * fʷ * Occurrences: 3 * Examples * voiced * v * Occurrences: 6150 * Examples * vimeo: [v ɪ mʲ ɪ əw] * vagus: [v ej ɡ ə s] * silva: [s ɪ ɫ v ə] * hovel: [h ɒ v ə ɫ] * vʲ * Occurrences: 546 * Examples * ivied: [aj vʲ iː d] * veal: [vʲ iː ɫ] * vila: [vʲ iː l ə] * vito: [vʲ iː tʰ əw] * vʷ * Occurrences: 8 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * θ * Occurrences: 2342 * Examples * ibiza: [aj bʲ iː θ ə] * month: [m ɐ n θ] * mouth: [m aw θ] * goths: [ɡ ɒ θ s] * voiced * ð * Occurrences: 523 * Examples * withe: [w ɪ ð] * width: [w ɪ d ð] * birth: [b ɜː ð] * other: [ɐ ð ə] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ç * Occurrences: 918 * Examples * hales: [ç ej ɫ z] * hindu: [ç ɪ n d ʉː] * haifa: [ç ej f ə] * higgs: [ç ɪ ɡ z] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * h * Occurrences: 3505 * Examples * harms: [h ɑː m z] * hebei: [h ɛ bʲ iː] * hulks: [h ɐ ɫ k s] * hull: [h ɐ ɫ] ``` * - {manner}`Approximant` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * w * Occurrences: 3763 * Examples * swab: [s w ɒ b] * waive: [w ej v] * woman: [w ʊ m ə n] * went: [w ɛ n t] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɹ * Occurrences: 25223 * Examples * wary: [w ɛː ɹ i] * droid: [d ɹ ɔj d] * vraic: [v ɹ ej k] * trade: [t ɹ ej d] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * j * Occurrences: 1365 * Examples * yahoo: [j ə h ʉː] * gpus: [dʒ iː pʰ iː j ʉː z] * idiot: [ɪ dʲ i j ɪ t] * suits: [s j ʉː t s] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Lateral` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * l * Occurrences: 11675 * Examples * logs: [l ɒ ɡ z] * lap: [l a p] * lacy: [l ej s i] * solos: [s əw l əw z] * ɫ * Occurrences: 10353 * Examples * wahl: [w ɒ ɫ] * kamal: [kʰ ɑː m ə ɫ] * quell: [kʷ ɛ ɫ] * anal: [ə n ɐ ɫ] * ɫ̩ * Occurrences: 280 * Examples * title: [tʰ aj t ɫ̩] * medal: [m ɛ d ɫ̩] * viral: [v aj ɫ̩] * local: [l əw k ɫ̩] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ʎ * Occurrences: 8148 * Examples * alice: [a ʎ ɪ s] * lifts: [ʎ ɪ f t s] * olin: [ɒ ʎ ɪ n] * surly: [s ɜː ʎ i] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` `````` ### Vowels Vowel symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unrounded and those to the right are rounded. ``````{list-table} :header-rows: 1 :stub-columns: 1 :class: vowel_chart table-striped table-bordered * - - Front - Near-Front - Central - Near-Back - Back * - Close - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * i * Occurrences: 12257 * Examples * dusky: [d ɐ s c i] * weedy: [w iː dʲ i] * poppy: [pʰ ɒ pʲ i] * kohli: [kʰ əw ʎ i] * iː * Occurrences: 8855 * Examples * even: [iː n] * email: [iː m ej ɫ] * gees: [ɟ iː s] * meta: [mʲ iː t ə] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * ʉ * Occurrences: 815 * Examples * spume: [s pʲ ʉ m] * rome: [ɹ ʉ m] * mura: [m ʉ ɹ ə] * gucci: [ɡ ʉ tʃ i] * ʉː * Occurrences: 5762 * Examples * cum: [cʰ ʉː m] * boone: [b ʉː n] * music: [mʲ ʉː z ɪ k] * skuas: [s k ʉː ə z] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɪ * Occurrences: 42515 * Examples * width: [w ɪ d ð] * wirra: [w ɪ ɹ ə] * alim: [ɑː ʎ ɪ m] * sere: [s ɪ ə] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * ʊ * Occurrences: 2933 * Examples * bole: [b ɒ ʊ ɫ] * ghoul: [ɡ ʊ ə ɫ] * yuan: [j ʊ ɑː n] * whoop: [w ʊ p] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Close-Mid - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * e * Occurrences: 1 * Examples * ej * Occurrences: 10028 * Examples * plato: [p l ej tʰ əw] * sails: [s ej ɫ z] * cain: [cʰ ej n] * flake: [f l ej k] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ə * Occurrences: 52823 * Examples * hovel: [h ɒ v ə ɫ] * devon: [dʲ iː v ə n] * raper: [ɹ ej p ə] * nagar: [n ɑː ɡ ə] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Open-Mid - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɛ * Occurrences: 15172 * Examples * welch: [w ɛ ɫ tʃ] * lopez: [l əw pʰ ɛ z] * gomez: [ɡ əw m ɛ z] * ellis: [ɛ ʎ ɪ s] * ɛː * Occurrences: 1043 * Examples * fared: [f ɛː d] * aaron: [ɛː ə n] * dairy: [d ɛː ɹ i] * nary: [n ɛː ɹ i] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɜ * Occurrences: 193 * Examples * wirth: [w ɜ θ] * wyrd: [w ɜ d] * furor: [fʲ ɜ ɹ ə] * turok: [tʰ ɜ k] * ɜː * Occurrences: 3192 * Examples * sturm: [s t ɜː m] * bernd: [b ɜː n d] * kabir: [kʰ ə b ɜː] * birth: [b ɜː ð] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɐ * Occurrences: 6294 * Examples * gusto: [ɡ ɐ s t əw] * gusts: [ɡ ɐ s t s] * guns: [ɡ ɐ n z] * cups: [kʰ ɐ p s] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Open - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * a * Occurrences: 14064 * Examples * llano: [j a n əw] * nancy: [n a n s i] * hats: [h a t s] * allan: [a l ə n] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɑ * Occurrences: 737 * Examples * utada: [ʉ tʰ ɑ d ə] * cafes: [kʰ ɑ f ɛ s] * baths: [b ɑ ð z] * sahni: [s ɑ ɲ i] * ɑː * Occurrences: 5465 * Examples * cadiz: [kʰ ɑː dʲ ɪ z] * gant: [ɡ ɑː n t] * adhan: [ɑː ð ɑː n] * our: [ɑː] * rounded * ɒ * Occurrences: 10017 * Examples * macon: [m ə kʰ ɒ n] * nods: [n ɒ d z] * smock: [s m ɒ k] * combi: [kʰ ɒ m bʲ i] * ɒː * Occurrences: 4926 * Examples * shaun: [ʃ ɒː n] * tort: [tʰ ɒː t] * gored: [ɡ ɒː d] * mohr: [m ɒː] ``` `````` #### Diphthongs * {ipa_inline}`aj` * {ipa_inline}`aw` * {ipa_inline}`ej` * {ipa_inline}`ɔj` * {ipa_inline}`əw`